Search results for " confidence interval"

showing 10 items of 24 documents

The membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 variant rs641738 increases inflammation and fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B.

2017

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is characterized by hepatic inflammation that promotes progression to cirrhosis and predisposes to the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Subtle interindividual genetic variation as well as viral and environmental factors interact to determine disease progression between individuals. Recently, the rs641738 membrane-bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 (MBOAT7) polymorphism was demonstrated to influence histological liver damage in alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and hepatitis C, but no data are available for CHB. We evaluated rs641738 influence on disease severity in a cohort of 1,101 patients with CHB. Forty-two patien…

0301 basic medicineLiver CirrhosisMaleAlcoholic liver diseaseCirrhosisSex FactorSeverity of Illness IndexCohort StudiesGene FrequencyFibrosisNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseNonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseAge FactorProspective StudiesChronicMembrane ProteinMultivariate AnalysiAge FactorsHepatitis CSingle NucleotideMiddle AgedHepatitis BPrognosisHepatocellular carcinomaDisease ProgressionFemaleHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelPrognosiAcyltransferaseLiver CirrhosiAcetyltransferases; Acyltransferases; Adult; Age Factors; Cohort Studies; Confidence Intervals; Disease Progression; Female; Gene Frequency; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Hepatitis B Chronic; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis; Logistic Models; Male; Membrane Proteins; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Prognosis; Prospective Studies; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Sex FactorsPolymorphism Single NucleotideRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesHepatitis B ChronicSex FactorsSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingAcetyltransferasesInternal medicineAcetyltransferasemedicineConfidence IntervalsHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseasePolymorphismHepatologybusiness.industryMembrane ProteinsHepatologymedicine.diseaseMinor allele frequencyProspective Studie030104 developmental biologyLogistic ModelsImmunologyMultivariate AnalysisCohort StudiebusinessConfidence IntervalAcyltransferasesHepatology (Baltimore, Md.)
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Associations between parental food choice motives, health-promoting feeding practices, and infants' fruit and vegetable intakes: the Food4toddlers st…

2020

Background: Parents influence their infants' diets and are the providers of healthy foods such as fruit and vegetables. Parental motives can influence infant's diets directly or through parental feeding practices. Objective: This study aimed to assess the associations between parental food choice motives and infants' fruit and vegetable intakes and to examine whether parental feeding practices mediated these associations. Design: A total of 298 parents participated in the Norwegian Food4toddlers study. Before the child's first birthday (mean age = 10.9 months), the parents completed an online baseline questionnaire. Five parental food choice motives were assessed: health, convenience, senso…

0301 basic medicineMEDIATIONMediation (statistics)healthy food intakelcsh:TX341-641CHILDREN030209 endocrinology & metabolismNorwegianVALIDATIONCONSTRUCTS03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineEnvironmental healthFood choiceMedicine and Health SciencesQUALITYMedicinemediationPRACTICES QUESTIONNAIRE030109 nutrition & dieteticsNutrition and DieteticsNutrition Interventionsbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthCONSUMPTIONMean ageinfantlanguage.human_languagePeer reviewDIETARY PATTERNSPRESCHOOLERSlanguageOriginal ArticleParental feedingBootstrap confidence intervalbusinessdietlcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplyBEHAVIORFood ScienceFoodnutrition research
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Genetically elevated gamma-glutamyltransferase and Alzheimer's disease

2018

Observational epidemiological evidence supports a linear and independent association between serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) concentrations and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the causality of this association has not been previously investigated. We sought to assess the causal nature of this association using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. Using inverse-variance weighted MR analysis, we assessed the association between GGT and AD using summary statistics for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-AD associations obtained from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project of 17,008 individuals with AD and 37,154 controls. We used 26 SNPs significantly associ…

0301 basic medicineOncologyAgingentsyymitDisease030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyAlzheimerin tautiBiochemistryGWAS genome-wide association studiestransferaasit0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyEpidemiologyMedicineNHGRI National Human Genome Research InstituteGamma-glutamyltransferasebiologyMR Mendelian randomizationGenetic Pleiotropyta3142SNP single nucleotide polymorphismAlzheimer's disease3. Good healthEuropeAD Alzheimer's diseasegeneettiset tekijätmedicine.medical_specialtySingle-nucleotide polymorphismGRS genetic risk scoreta3111Polymorphism Single NucleotideArticle03 medical and health sciencesAlzheimer DiseaseInternal medicineMendelian randomizationGeneticsMendelian randomizationSNPHumansMolecular Biologybusiness.industryGGT gamma-glutamyltransferaseIGAP International Genomics of Alzheimer's ProjectGenetic VariationGamma-glutamyltransferaseCell BiologyOdds ratioMendelian Randomization AnalysisConfidence intervalCI confidence intervalOR odds ratio030104 developmental biologyCase-Control Studiesbiology.proteinbusinessSD standard deviationGenome-Wide Association StudyExperimental Gerontology
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Denosumab for bone health in prostate and breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy? A systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomized t…

2019

Highlights • Hormonal receptors positive breast tumor and prostate cancer are managed with endocrine therapies. • Endocrine therapies designed for breast and prostate cancer are often associated to serious adverse skeletal related events, such fractures. • Denosumab is a monoclonal anti-body binding RANKL which acts as inhibitor of osteoclasts activity, thus increasing bone mass. • Denosumab was showed to strongly prevent hormonal therapies-related skeletal issues. • Denosumab administration results safe in bone mass increase and reduction of fractures risk.

0301 basic medicineOncologyRCTs randomized clinical trialrandomized clinical trialslcsh:Diseases of the musculoskeletal systemSettore MED/06 - Oncologia MedicaOsteoporosisBMD bone mass densityReview Articleandrogen deprivation therapyADTlaw.inventionAndrogen deprivation therapyProstate cancerhazard ratio0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallawHRMedicineBreastSAEsCancerProstateRANKLCIMD mean differencelcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRCTs randomized clinical trialsDenosumabOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisSAEs serious adverse eventsDenosumabmean differencemedicine.drugmedicine.medical_specialtylcsh:RC254-28203 medical and health sciencesBreast cancerRANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligandBMDInternal medicineAdverse effectADT androgen deprivation therapyRCTsbusiness.industryMDmedicine.diseaseHR hazard ratioHormonereceptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligandDiscontinuationCI confidence interval030104 developmental biologyFractureconfidence intervalADT androgen deprivation therapy; BMD bone mass density; Breast; CI confidence interval; Cancer; Denosumab; Fracture; HR hazard ratio; Hormone; MD mean difference; Prostate; RANKL receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand; RCTs randomized clinical trials; SAEs serious adverse eventsserious adverse eventsbone mass densitylcsh:RC925-935businessJournal of Bone Oncology
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Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…

2021

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…

ARDSSoins intensifs réanimationmedicine.medical_treatmentAirway pressuresPEEP positive end-expiratory pressureCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionHypoxemiaCohort StudiesPositive-Pressure RespirationMechanical ventilationSARI severe acute respiratory infectionlawHospital MortalityProspective StudiesIQR interquartile rangesProspective cohort studyRCT randomized controlled trialTidal volumeSOFA Sequential Organ Failure AssessmentSAPS Simplified Acute Physiology ScoreIntensive care unitVCV volume-controlled ventilationHIV human immunodeficiency virusIntensive Care UnitsIC GLOSSARI Intensive Care Global Study on Severe Acute Respiratory Infectionmedicine.symptomCohort studyLOS length of staymedicine.medical_specialtyVt tidal volumeCOPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNYHA New York Heart Association.PCV pressure-controlled ventilationArticleInternal medicineICU Intensive Care UnitSIMV Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilationmedicineTidal VolumeHumansDP driving pressurePEEPARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeMechanical ventilationbusiness.industryOdds ratioPneumoniaPlateau pressuremedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialVILI ventilator induced lung injuryCI confidence intervalOR odds ratioIMV invasive mechanical ventilationCPAP continuous positive airway pressureARDSbusinessSD standard deviationECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationPBW predicted body weightPplat plateau pressure
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Modelling the dynamics of the students’ academic performance in the German region of the North Rhine-Westphalia: an epidemiological approach with unc…

2013

Student academic underachievement is a concern of paramount importance in Europe, where around 15% of the students in the last high school courses do not achieve the minimum knowledge academic requirement. In this paper, we propose a model based on a system of differential equations to study the dynamics of the students academic performance in the German region of North Rhine-Westphalia. This approach is supported by the idea that both, good and bad study habits, are a mixture of personal decisions and influence of classmates. This model allows us to forecast the student academic performance by means of confidence intervals over the next few years.

Applied MathematicsForecasting in Social SciencesNon-linear System of Differential EquationsModellingConfidence intervallanguage.human_languageComputer Science ApplicationsGermanBootstrap Confidence Intervals.Computational Theory and MathematicsSystem of differential equationsDynamics (music)ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATIONMathematics educationlanguageStudent Academic PerformanceBootstrap confidence intervalMATEMATICA APLICADAMathematicsInternational Journal of Computer Mathematics
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Severe hypoglycemia is associated with antidiabetic oral treatment compared with insulin analogs in nursing home patients with type 2 diabetes and de…

2015

Abstract Objectives Severe hypoglycemia is associated with cognitive decline and dementia in older persons with type 2 diabetes. The role of antidiabetic treatments on severe hypoglycemia is unknown in dementia. The aims were to determine the prevalence of severe hypoglycemic events and investigate associations among severe hypoglycemic and specific antidiabetic treatments (classes of oral agents and types of insulin analogs) in a large sample of nursing home patients with diabetes according to dementia status. Design Cross-sectional observational study. Setting A total of 150 nursing homes across Italy. Participants A total of 2258 patients with type 2 diabetes (dementia = 1138, no dementi…

Blood GlucoseMaleAgingSevere hypoglycemia dementia insulin analogs antidiabetic oral agents agingmedicine.medical_treatmentInsulin analogAdministration OralType 2 diabetesSeverity of Illness IndexInsulin AntagonistsReference ValuesOdds RatioPrevalenceHomes for the AgedInsulinReference ValueCognitive declineNursing (all)2901 Nursing (miscellaneous)General NursingAged 80 and overInsulin AntagonistMedicine (all)Health PolicyAging; Antidiabetic oral agents; Dementia; Insulin analogs; Severe hypoglycemia; Administration Oral; Age Distribution; Aged; Aged 80 and over; Blood Glucose; Confidence Intervals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dementia; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Female; Homes for the Aged; Humans; Hypoglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents; Insulin; Insulin Antagonists; Italy; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Nursing Homes; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Prognosis; Reference Values; Risk Assessment; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Distribution; Sulfonylurea Compounds; Nursing (all)2901 Nursing (miscellaneous); Health PolicyGeneral MedicineMiddle AgedPrognosisSulfonylurea CompoundNursing HomeItalyFemaleHumanmedicine.medical_specialtyLogistic ModelPrognosiHypoglycemiaelderly patientsRisk AssessmentAge DistributionInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineConfidence IntervalsDementiaHumansHypoglycemic AgentsSex DistributionAgedAntidiabetic oral agentCross-Sectional StudieSevere hypoglycemiaHypoglycemic Agentbusiness.industryInsulinOdds ratiomedicine.diseaseHypoglycemiaNursing HomesEndocrinologyCross-Sectional StudiesLogistic ModelsSulfonylurea CompoundsDiabetes Mellitus Type 2DementiaGeriatrics and GerontologybusinessConfidence IntervalBody mass indexJournal of the American Medical Directors Association
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Prevalence and 30-Day Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With Covid-19 and Prior Lung Diseases.

2021

Patients with pre-existing respiratory diseases in the setting of COVID-19 may have a greater risk of severe complications and even death.A retrospective, multicenter, cohort study with 5847 COVID-19 patients admitted to hospitals. Patients were separated in two groups, with/without previous lung disease. Evaluation of factors associated with survival and secondary composite end-point such as ICU admission and respiratory support, were explored.1,271 patients (22%) had a previous lung disease, mostly COPD. All-cause mortality occurred in 376 patients with lung disease (29.5%) and in 819 patients without (17.9%) (Previous lung disease is a risk factor for mortality in patients with COVID-19.…

HOPE-COVID-19 Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID-19Respiratory diseasesOriginal30-Day mortalityenfermedades respiratoriasACE2 angiotensin converting enzyme IIlaw.invention0302 clinical medicineCQ/HCQ chloroquine/hydroxychloroquinelawCOPDrespiratory diseasesPrognosisICU intensive care unitIntensive care unitSTROBE strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiologypronósticomedicine.anatomical_structureEPOCCohort studyPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialty30-day mortalityRT-PCR real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactionSARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2WHO World Health OrganizationMERS middle east respiratory syndrome03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicinemedicineCOPDCOVID-19 2019 novel coronavirusRisk factorIQR interquartile rangeLungmortalidad a 30 díasbusiness.industryFEV1 forced expiratory volume in one secondCOVID-19Retrospective cohort studymedicine.diseaseHR hazard ratioICS inhaled corticosteroidsCI confidence intervalCoronavirusCOPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease030228 respiratory systemRespiratory failureILD interstitial lung diseaseMiddle East respiratory syndromeprognosisHFNC high flow nasal cannulabusiness
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What Is the Role of Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Surgery in High-Risk Patients? A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2016

Background. Minimally invasive valve surgery is related to certain better postoperative outcomes. We aimed to assess the role of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery in high-risk patients. Methods. A systematic literature review identified eight studies of which seven fulfilled criteria for metaanalysis. Outcomes for a total of 1,254 patients (731 were conventional standard sternotomy and 523 were minimally invasive mitral valve surgery) were submitted to meta-analysis using random effects modeling. Heterogeneity and subgroup analysis with quality scoring were assessed. The primary end point was early mortality. Secondary end points were intraoperative and postoperative outcomes and long…

Heart Valve Diseases030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyGlobal HealthWMD weighted mean differencelaw.inventionPostoperative Complications0302 clinical medicineRisk FactorslawMitral valveCPB cardiopulmonary bypaStrokeHeart Valve Prosthesis ImplantationMedicine (all)Abbreviations and Acronyms AF atrial fibrillation; CI confidence interval; CPB cardiopulmonary bypass; MIMVS minimally invasive mitral valve surgery; OR odds ratio; PRC packed red cells; ST sternotomy; WMD weighted mean difference; Global Health; Heart Valve Diseases; Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; Humans; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; Mitral Valve; Postoperative Complications; Risk Factors; Survival Rate; Observational Studies as Topic; Risk Assessment; Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine; Surgery; Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine; Medicine (all)Atrial fibrillationSurvival RateHeart Valve DiseaseObservational Studies as Topicmedicine.anatomical_structureCardiologyMitral ValveCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHumanPulmonary and Respiratory Medicinemedicine.medical_specialtyAbbreviations and Acronyms AF atrial fibrillationSubgroup analysisRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesST sternotomyInternal medicinePRC packed red cellmedicineCardiopulmonary bypassHumansMinimally Invasive Surgical ProceduresSurvival ratebusiness.industryCI confidence intervalRisk FactorMinimally Invasive Surgical ProcedureOdds ratioOR odds ratiomedicine.diseaseConfidence intervalSurgeryMIMVS minimally invasive mitral valve surgery030228 respiratory systemSurgeryPostoperative ComplicationbusinessThe Annals of Thoracic Surgery
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Testing for goodness rather than lack of fit of an X–chromosomal SNP to the Hardy-Weinberg model

2019

The problem of checking the genotype distribution obtained for some diallelic marker for compatibility with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) condition arises also for loci on the X chromosome. The possible genotypes depend on the sex of the individual in this case: for females, the genotype distribution is trinomial, as in the case of an autosomal locus, whereas a binomial proportion is observed for males. Like in genetic association studies with autosomal SNPs, interest is typically in establishing approximate compatibility of the observed genotype frequencies with HWE. This requires to replace traditional methods tailored for detecting lack of fit to the model with an equivalence test…

HeredityNormal DistributionDistance MeasurementTrinomial01 natural sciencesLinkage Disequilibrium010104 statistics & probabilityStatisticsLack-of-fit sum of squaresMathematicsVenous ThrombosisMeasurement0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinaryQRSoftware EngineeringGenomicsHardy–Weinberg principleGenetic MappingPhysical SciencesEngineering and TechnologyMedicineResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesScienceGeometryAsymptotic distributionVariant GenotypesPolymorphism Single NucleotideMolecular Genetics03 medical and health sciencesGenome-Wide Association StudiesGeneticsTest statisticHumansComputer Simulation0101 mathematicsMolecular BiologyGenetic Association Studies030304 developmental biologyChromosomes Human XModels StatisticalModels GeneticSoftware ToolsBiology and Life SciencesComputational BiologyHuman GeneticsGenome AnalysisProbability TheoryProbability DistributionGenotype frequencyRadiiSample size determinationSample SizeBinomial proportion confidence intervalMathematicsPLOS ONE
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